A horse
race is a horse ride with the distance of approximately from 50 to 150 miles . The way is varied
as well as complicated with different barriers. In most cases, events of this
kind last from one to three days. Before holding the horse competition,
specially qualified veterinarians as well as judges carefully examine horses.
It is a
well-known historical fact that the period of endurance horse riding first began
in the early 1900s in the form of testing cavalry horses for military purposes.
At that time, there was a strict requirement that all horses should go on a
5-day ride with the distance of 300 miles . However, already in the early 1950s,
this cavalry test ride turned into a civilian sport event. Furthermore, the
reduction of required distance as well as strict time limits over time helped
to increase the number of horse riders willing to take part in such competition.
Moreover, in 1978, a specially founded Federation Equestre Internationale, which
is an important international regulatory and governing agency for international
and national equestrian events, added endurance horse riding to the recognized
list of international kinds of sport. That is why already in 2006 approximately
353 endurance horse-riding competitions under the governance of the Federation
Equestre Internationale took part in the European and Asian countries as well
as on the American continent with the total number of worldwide participating
countries reaching more than 49 nations (Blocksdorf).
Endurance
horse race competition is one of the most popular kinds of sport in the United Arab Emirates .
It is well known that the United Arab Emirates is a sport loving country, where
endurance horse riding was initiated according to the requirements of the UAE President
His Highness Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (EEF Endurance).
Moreover,
endurance horse races are considered the fastest-growing discipline under the
control of the Federation Equestre Internationale. Dubai is, of course, not an exception in this
principle. This is the city of the United Arab Emirates with no or, in some
cases, little crossover in terms of available qualified personnel, required facilities,
and specially developed venues for horse racing (Wood, 2013).
Moreover,
the government of this country founded special Emirates Equestrian Federation,
the main aim of which is to support and provide necessary changes in equestrian
sport in general as well as endurance horse racing in particular. In addition,
there have been specially designed three independent modern endurance horse-riding
centers, or so-called villages, in the country as well as 22 horse race clubs. The
Emirates Equestrian Federation started its work in April 1992. Furthermore, the
first modernly designed desert horse ride was held in January 1993. In the
above-mentioned first competition in Dubai, horses competed against camels,
where the distance reached the level of 40km, the very first 15 places were won
by horses.
The Emirates
Equestrian Federation has specially developed duties, according to which this
sport agency should formulate the national norms and principles; maintain registry
of endurance horse race, especially keep record of all national and
international riders and horses; provide technical control as well as play an
advisory and regulatory role in horse rides in the United Arab Emirates. Moreover,
the Emirates Equestrian Federation is responsible for supervising the work of
all officials employed at the endurance horse ride, and checking out and
controlling endurance routes as well as specially constructed facilities and
amenities of the four endurance villages. It also should oversee the work of
endurance riding clubs and cooperate with all endurance ride organizers of the
United Arab Emirates with the aim of developing the riding calendar, preparing
endurance horse trail, selecting officials as well as technical management staff.
Furthermore,
there have been registered several outstanding achievements by the endurance horse
riders in the UAE for the last decade. For example, the period of 1995-1998 can
be characterized by long-distance endurance rides. Moreover, it was the first
time when the UAE horse riders became participants of the World Championship horse
endurance held in Kansas in 1996.
In addition, the year 1998 was the year when the UAE
hosted the World Championship endurance horse races for the first time. This
even attracted approximately 162 participants. A young UAE horse rider Sheikh
Ahmed bin Mohammed Al Maktoum was registered as the youngest endurance horse rider
in the world’s history as well as the first person who won the FEI World Cup
Endurance Championship in 2002 competition in Spain (EEF Endurance).
Moreover,
the United Arab Emirates specially
developed Dubai International Endurance
City (shortly known as
DIEC) in the Seih Assalam area of the city in order to facilitate endurance horse
riding. It is estimated that up to eight events are held per year, beginning at
the end of November and ending at the beginning of March (Dubai International
Endurance City (DIEC), 2012).
In
addition, along with the fact that Dubai is one of the largest tourist sectors of
the world and the center of international transport links, it became the main
attraction of the horse riding business. The United Arab Emirates is famous for
endurance horse riding competitions across the desert by "drinkers of the
wind", as local residents commonly refer to Arabian horses. This is the
city where approximately 50 races with the distance of 80-240 kilometers took
place in cooler months, which means between October and March.
It is
estimated, however, that the Emirates Equestrian Federation registers over
2,000 active endurance horses as well as 87 racing stables. That is a very high
level, for example in comparison with 800 riding horses registered in France (Dokoupil,
2012). That is why the UAE has a very high level of endurance horse race
industry development and is the main attraction centre of this kind of sport.
